West Nile virus (WNV) is an emerging neurotropic flavivirus that is transmitted to humans
through the bite of an infected mosquito. WNV has disseminated broadly in the Western …

RNA cleavage is a fundamental host response for controlling viral infections in both plants
and animals (26). In higher vertebrates, this process is often regulated by interferons (IFNs) …

In response to viral infection, how cells balance translational shutdown to limit viral
replication and the induction of antiviral components like interferons (IFNs) is not well …

An important property of the host innate immune response during microbial infection is its
ability to control the expression of antimicrobial effector proteins, but how this occurs post …

Type I interferons (IFN-α/β) are potent antiviral cytokines and modulators of the adaptive
immune system. They are induced by viral infection or by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), a …

The interferon (IFN)-inducible 2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS)/RNase L pathway
blocks infections by some types of viruses through cleavage of viral and cellular single …

The nature and extent of interindividual and temporal variation in gene expression patterns
in specific cells and tissues is an important and relatively unexplored issue in human …

The 2′-5′ oligoadenylate synthetases (OAS) are interferon-induced antiviral enzymes that
recognize virally produced dsRNA and initiate RNA destabilization through activation of …

Dengue virus (DV) is a mosquito‐borne flavivirus that causes haemorrhagic fever in
humans. DV primarily targets immature dendritic cells (DCs) after a bite by an infected …

West Nile (WN) virus is a mosquito-transmitted flavivirus. It is widely distributed in Africa, the
Middle East, Asia, and southern Europe and was recently introduced to North America. Birds …