BACKGROUND The Himalayan-Karakoram (HK) region in south Asia is one of the most
heavily glacierized and vulnerable mountainous regions on Earth. The Indus, Ganges, and …

Global-scale glacier shrinkage is one of the most prominent signs of ongoing climatic
change. However, important differences in glacier response exist at the regional scale, and …

Rock debris can accumulate on glacier surfaces and dramatically reduce glacier melt. The
structure of a debris cover is unique to each glacier and sensitive to climate. Despite this …

The cryosphere is defined by the presence of frozen water in its many forms: glaciers, ice
caps, ice sheets, snow, permafrost, and river and lake ice. In the extended Hindu Kush …

We present a comprehensive review of the status and changes in glacier length (since the
1850s), area and mass (since the 1960s) along the Himalayan-Karakoram (HK) region and …

Rocky debris on glacier surfaces influences ice melt rates and the response of glaciers to
climate change. However, scarce data on the extent and evolution of supraglacial debris …

Previous geodetic estimates of mass changes in the Karakoram revealed balanced budgets
or a possible slight mass gain since∼ 2000. Indications of longer-term stability exist but only …

Knowledge about the coverage and characteristics of glaciers in High Mountain Asia (HMA)
is still incomplete and heterogeneous. However, several applications, such as modelling of …

Karakoram glaciers experienced balanced or slightly positive mass budgets since at least
the 1970s. Here, we provide an update on the state of balance of Central and Eastern …

An anomalously slight glacier mass gain during 2000 to the 2010s has recently been
reported in the Karakoram region. However, to date, no investigations of the region-wide …