The development of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has heralded a new era in cancer
treatment, enabling the possibility of long-term survival in patients with metastatic disease …

Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer related mortality worldwide. Despite
numerous advances in treatments over the past decade, non-small cell lung cancer …

The treatment landscape of driver-negative non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is rapidly
evolving. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors, specifically those targeting PD-1 or PD-L1, have …

A proportion of patients with lung cancer experience long-term clinical benefit with immune
checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, most patients develop disease progression during …

Therapeutic strategies harnessing the immune system to eliminate tumour cells have been
successfully used for several cancer types, including in patients with advanced-stage non …

Introduction In the KEYNOTE-010 study, pembrolizumab improved overall survival (OS)
versus docetaxel in patients with previously treated, advanced NSCLC with programmed …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), particularly when accompanied by microvascular invasion
(MVI), has a markedly high risk of recurrence after liver resection. Adjuvant immunotherapy …

Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have dramatically changed the management of
advanced cancers. Designed to enhance the antitumour immune response, they can also …

Increasing cancer drug prices present global challenges to treatment access and cancer
outcomes. Substantial variability exists in drug pricing across countries. In countries without …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors such as pembrolizumab or nivolumab, which inhibit PD-1,
have greatly improved survival for many patients with cancer, but are prohibitively expensive …