Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) and the unfolded protein
response (UPR) are two key quality-control machineries in the cell. ERAD is responsible for …

ER-phagy (reticulophagy) defines the degradation of portions of the endoplasmic reticulum
(ER) within lysosomes or vacuoles. It is part of the self-digestion (ie, autophagic) programs …

Protein folding is inherently error prone, especially in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Even
with an elaborate network of molecular chaperones and protein folding facilitators …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a large, dynamic, and multifunctional organelle. ER
protein homeostasis is essential for the coordination of its diverse functions and depends on …

Even with the assistance of many cellular factors, a significant fraction of newly synthesized
proteins ends up misfolded. Cells evolved protein quality control systems to ensure that …

The selective degradation of many short-lived proteins in eukaryotic cells is carried out by
the ubiquitin system. In this pathway, proteins are targeted for degradation by covalent …

Some nascent proteins that fold within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) never reach their
native state. Misfolded proteins are removed from the folding machinery, dislocated from the …

Intracellular deposition of misfolded protein aggregates into ubiquitin-rich cytoplasmic
inclusions is linked to the pathogenesis of many diseases. Why these aggregates form …

The eukaryotic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) maintains protein homeostasis by eliminating
unwanted proteins through the evolutionarily conserved ER-associated degradation (ERAD) …

▪ Abstract Natural killer (NK) cells are populations of lymphocytes that can be activated to
mediate significant levels of cytotoxic activity and produce high levels of certain cytokines …