There have been many advances in our knowledge about different aspects of P2Y receptor
signaling since the last review published by our International Union of Pharmacology …

Physiological evidence supporting the role of the adenine nucleotide, ATP 1 (Figure 1), as a
neurotransmitter was first summarized in detail in 1972, 1 representing the basis of …

In addition to its key role in cellular metabolism where it acts as a ubiquitous enzyme
cofactor and as the key source of the cellular energy unique to phosphate bond formation …

Nucleotides comprise a major class of signaling molecules in the nervous system. They can
be released from nerve cells, glial cells, and vascular cells where they exert their function via …

The development of the nervous system requires complex series of cellular programming
and intercellular communication events that lead from the early neural induction to the …

P2X receptors are nucleotide-gated cation channels composed of homomeric or
heteromeric assemblies of three subunits. In the past 7 years, an extended series (P2X 1–7) …

Given the widespread importance of purinergic receptor-evoked signaling, understanding
how ATP and other nucleotides are released from cells in a regulated manner is an …

Atherosclerosis is a focal inflammatory disease of the arterial wall. It starts with the formation
of fatty streaks on the arterial wall that evolve to form a raised plaque made of smooth …

Eight G protein–coupled P2Y receptor (P2YR) subtypes are important physiologic
mediators. The human P2YRs are fully activated by ATP (P2Y 2 and P2Y 11), ADP (P2Y 1 …

Diadenosine polyphosphates (ApnAs) act as extracellular signaling molecules in a broad
variety of tissues. They were shown to be hydrolyzed by surface‐located enzymes in an …