This review tries to summarize the purpose of steadily develo** surface-functionalized
nanoparticles for various bio-applications and represents a fascinating and rapidly growing …

Signal generation techniques for visual detection of analytes have received a great deal of
attention in various sensing fields. These approaches are considered to be advantageous …

As a gold standard technique, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) organically
combines immunoreactions between antigens and antibodies with enzyme catalysis. The …

Background Immunochromatographic test strip (ICTS) has become one of the most widely
used rapid diagnostics platforms for the point-of-care testing of various contaminant residues …

Intelligent onsite accurate monitoring ethyl carbamate (EC, a group 2 A carcinogen) in
environment is of great significance to safeguard environmental health and public safety …

A variety of silicon-based nanostructures with dimensions in the 1–5 nm range now emit
tunable photoluminescence (PL) spanning the visible range. Achievement of high …

The global spread of monkeypox has become a worldwide public healthcare issue.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for accurate and sensitive detection methods to effectively …

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have excellent applicability in several fields and have
significant structural advantages, due to their open pore structure, high porosity, large …

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the main cause of death from cardiovascular diseases.
Thus, early diagnosis of AMI is essential for the treatment of irreversible damage from …

Immunoassays (IAs) with fluorescence-based detection are already well-established
commercialized biosensing methods, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) …