Phonological awareness is the ability to correctly recognize and manipulate phonological
structures. The role of phonological awareness in reading development has become evident …

Research on literacy has become universal and is essential for researchers of various
disciplines, educators, and psychologists. For this article, we examined the most important …

While skilled readers produce an increased and left-lateralized event-related-potential
(ERP) component, known as N170, for strings of letters compared to strings of less familiar …

Learning to associate written letters with speech sounds is crucial for the initial phase of
acquiring reading skills. However, little is known about the cortical reorganization for …

The sentence superiority effect observed with skilled adult readers has been taken to reflect
parallel processing of word identities and the rapid construction of a preliminary syntactic …

Little is known about how word recognition processes, such as decoding, change when
reading fluency improves during the school year. Such knowledge may have practical …

Objective Naming speed, behaviorally measured via the serial Rapid automatized naming
(RAN) test, is one of the most examined underlying cognitive factors of reading development …

Automatic visual word recognition requires not only well-established phonological and
orthographic representations but also efficient audio-visual integration of these …

Introduction As children become independent readers, they regularly encounter new words
whose meanings they must infer from context, and whose spellings must be learned for …

The neural mechanism underlying the acquisition of scripts of a second language (L2) is an
open issue. The aim of the present study is to investigate the neural specialization for L2 …