Optical metalenses—two-dimensional arrays of submicrometre scatterers that collectively
focus light—have experienced growing research interest in recent years as they can realize …

Over the last two decades, the capabilities of metasurfaces in light modulation with
subwavelength thickness have been proven, and metasurfaces are expected to miniaturize …

Conventional human-driven methods face limitations in designing complex functional
metasurfaces. Inverse design is poised to empower metasurface research by embracing fast …

Remarkable advancements have been made in the design of optical metasurfaces in recent
years, particularly in compact designs. However, for their practical integration into diverse …

Complex non-local behavior makes designing high efficiency and multifunctional
metasurfaces a significant challenge. While using libraries of meta-atoms provide a simple …

With the capabilities to localize light at the subwavelength scale and flexibly control the full
dimensions of electromagnetic fields, planar optical artificial nanostructures have been …

Numerical solutions of Maxwell's equations are indispensable for nanophotonics and
electromagnetics but are constrained when it comes to large systems, especially multi …

Sub-wavelength diffractive optics, commonly known as meta-optics, present a complex
numerical simulation challenge, due to their multi-scale nature. The behavior of constituent …

Theoretical bounds are commonly used to assess the limitations of photonic design. Here
we introduce a more active way to use theoretical bounds, integrating them into part of the …

Computer-automated design and discovery have led to high-performance nanophotonic
devices with diverse functionalities. However, massively multichannel systems such as …