Chloroplasts evolved from an ancient cyanobacterial endosymbiont more than 1.5 billion
years ago. During subsequent coevolution with the nuclear genome, the chloroplast …

Plant organellar RNA metabolism is run by a multitude of nucleus-encoded RNA-binding
proteins (RBPs) that control RNA stability, processing, and degradation. In chloroplasts and …

Chloroplast translation is essential for cellular viability and plant development. Its positioning
at the intersection of organellar RNA and protein metabolism makes it a unique point for the …

Abstract Rubisco (ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylase/oxygenase) enables net
carbon fixation through the carboxylation of RuBP. However, some characteristics of …

Plant RuBisCo, a complex of eight large and eight small subunits, catalyzes the fixation of
CO2 in photosynthesis. The low catalytic efficiency of RuBisCo provides strong motivation to …

There is a growing impetus in develo** novel strategies to address global concerns
regarding food security. As crop productivity gains through traditional breeding begin to lag …

C4 photosynthesis drives productivity in several major food crops and bioenergy grasses,
including maize (Zea mays), sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), sorghum (Sorghum …

The chloroplast is a complex cellular organelle that not only performs photosynthesis but
also synthesizes amino acids, lipids, and phytohormones. Nuclear and chloroplast genetic …

Communication between the compartments or organelles of cells is essential for plant
growth and development. There is an emerging understanding of signals generated within …

Chloroplasts and their nonphotosynthetic relatives in the plastid organelle family evolved
from a cyanobacterial endosymbiont (for review, see Timmis et al., 2004). The subsequent …