Apoptosis is a form of regulated cell death (RCD) that involves proteases of the caspase
family. Pharmacological and genetic strategies that experimentally inhibit or delay apoptosis …

Mutations in the TP53 tumour suppressor gene are found in~ 50% of human cancers [,,,,–].
TP53 functions as a transcription factor that directly regulates the expression of~ 500 genes …

Proteins of the B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) family control the intrinsic apoptosis pathway.
The pro-apoptotic BCL-2 proteins BAX and BAK can commit a cell to its programmed death …

In multicellular organisms, cell death is a critical and active process that maintains tissue
homeostasis and eliminates potentially harmful cells. There are three major types of …

The'hallmarks of cancer'are generally accepted as a set of genetic and epigenetic
alterations that a normal cell must accrue to transform into a fully malignant cancer. It follows …

The BCL-2 protein family determines the commitment of cells to apoptosis, an ancient cell
suicide programme that is essential for development, tissue homeostasis and immunity. Too …

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are small lipid hormones produced by the adrenals that maintain
organismal homeostasis. Circadian and stress-induced changes in systemic GC levels …

BCL-2 family proteins, which have either pro-or anti-apoptotic activities, have been studied
intensively for the past decade owing to their importance in the regulation of apoptosis …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in determining the fate of normal
stem cells. Low levels of ROS are required for stem cells to maintain quiescence and self …

This review is a primer on the three main mechanisms of cell death: apoptosis, autophagy-
associated cell death, and necrosis. The authors discuss the clinical implications of each of …