This review and commentary sets out the need for authoritative and concise information on
the expected error distributions and magnitudes in observational data. We discuss the …

Ambiguities in the representation of environmental processes have manifested themselves
in a plethora of hydrological models, differing in almost every aspect of their …

A holy grail of hydrology is to understand catchment processes well enough that models can
provide detailed simulations across a variety of hydrologic settings at multiple …

Better simulation and earlier prediction of river low flows are needed for improved water
management. Here, a top–down structural analysis to improve a hydrological model in a low …

Uncertainty is recognized as a key issue in water resources research, among other
sciences. Discussions of uncertainty typically focus on tools and techniques applied within …

The concepts of model benchmarking, model agility, and large-sample hydrology are
becoming more prevalent in hydrologic and land surface modeling. As modeling systems …

Tracer-aided hydrological models are increasingly used to reveal fundamentals of runoff
generation processes and water travel times in catchments. Modelling studies integrating …

Models with a fixed structure are widely used in hydrological studies and operational
applications. For various reasons, these models do not always perform well. As an …

Terms such as failure, mistakes, errors, obstacles, and struggle are used interchangeably,
but each carries different connotations and discipline-specific meanings. Reactions to …

This paper illustrates the importance of taking into account the potential errors in discharge
estimation in the assessment of extreme floods. First, a summary of the main difficulties …