Many important interactions between bacterial pathogens and their hosts are highly specific
binding events that involve host or pathogen carbohydrate structures (glycans). Glycan …

Found throughout biology, polyvalent interactions are characterized by the simultaneous
binding of multiple ligands on one biological entity to multiple receptors on another (top part …

Monomolecular arrays of protein or glycoprotein subunits forming surface layers (S-layers)
are one of the most commonly observed prokaryotic cell envelope components. S-layers are …

SUMMARY Type IV pili (T4P) are multifunctional protein fibers produced on the surfaces of a
wide variety of bacteria and archaea. The major subunit of T4P is the type IV pilin, and …

Formation of the sugar–amino acid linkage is a crucial event in the biosynthesis of the
carbohydrate units of glycoproteins. It sets into motion a complex series of posttranslational …

At first glance, archaea and bacteria look alike; however, the composition of the archaeal
cell envelope is fundamentally different from the bacterial cell envelope. With just one …

▪ Abstract Twitching motility is a flagella-independent form of bacterial translocation over
moist surfaces. It occurs by the extension, tethering, and then retraction of polar type IV pili …

Protein glycosylation is an important post-translational modification. It is a feature that
enhances the functional diversity of proteins and influences their biological activity. A wide …

The biosynthesis, structures, and functions of O-glycosylation, as a complex
posttranslational event, is reviewed and compared for the various types of O-glycans. Mucin …

N-linked protein glycosylation is the most abundant posttranslation modification of secretory
proteins in eukaryotes. A wide range of functions are attributed to glycan structures …