Sea surface microlayers: A unified physicochemical and biological perspective of the air–ocean interface

M Cunliffe, A Engel, S Frka, B Gašparović… - Progress in …, 2013 - Elsevier
The sea surface microlayer (SML) covers more than 70% of the Earth's surface and is the
boundary layer interface between the ocean and the atmosphere. This important …

The ocean's vital skin: Toward an integrated understanding of the sea surface microlayer

A Engel, HW Bange, M Cunliffe, SM Burrows… - Frontiers in Marine …, 2017 - frontiersin.org
Despite the huge extent of the ocean's surface, until now relatively little attention has been
paid to the sea surface microlayer (SML) as the ultimate interface where heat, momentum …

Amazon River carbon dioxide outgassing fuelled by wetlands

G Abril, JM Martinez, LF Artigas, P Moreira-Turcq… - Nature, 2014 - nature.com
River systems connect the terrestrial biosphere, the atmosphere and the ocean in the global
carbon cycle. A recent estimate suggests that up to 3 petagrams of carbon per year could be …

Ocean-atmosphere trace gas exchange

LJ Carpenter, SD Archer, R Beale - Chemical Society Reviews, 2012 - pubs.rsc.org
The oceans contribute significantly to the global emissions of a number of atmospherically
important volatile gases, notably those containing sulfur, nitrogen and halogens. Such gases …

Gas exchange in streams and rivers

RO Hall Jr, AJ Ulseth - Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
Gas exchange across the air–water boundary of streams and rivers is a globally large
biogeochemical flux. Gas exchange depends on the solubility of the gas of interest, the gas …

Enhanced ocean CO2 uptake due to near-surface temperature gradients

DJ Ford, JD Shutler, J Blanco-Sacristán, S Corrigan… - Nature …, 2024 - nature.com
The ocean annually absorbs about a quarter of all anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2)
emissions. Global estimates of air–sea CO2 fluxes are typically based on bulk …

Chemistry and release of gases from the surface ocean

LJ Carpenter, PD Nightingale - Chemical reviews, 2015 - ACS Publications
The sea-surface layer is the very upper part of the sea surface where reduced mixing leads
to strong gradients in physical, chemical, and biological properties. 1 This surface layer is …

The organic sea-surface microlayer in the upwelling region off the coast of Peru and potential implications for air–sea exchange processes

A Engel, L Galgani - Biogeosciences, 2016 - bg.copernicus.org
The sea-surface microlayer (SML) is at the uppermost surface of the ocean, linking the
hydrosphere with the atmosphere. The presence and enrichment of organic compounds in …

[PDF][PDF] Transfer across the air-sea interface

CS Garbe, A Rutgersson, J Boutin… - … interactions of gases …, 2014 - library.oapen.org
The efficiency of transfer of gases and particles across the air-sea interface is controlled by
several physical, biological and chemical processes in the atmosphere and water which are …

Reduced air–sea CO2 exchange in the Atlantic Ocean due to biological surfactants

R Pereira, I Ashton, B Sabbaghzadeh, JD Shutler… - Nature …, 2018 - nature.com
Ocean CO2 uptake accounts for 20–40% of the post-industrial sink for anthropogenic CO2.
The uptake rate is the product of the CO2 interfacial concentration gradient and its transfer …