Heterogeneous base catalysts for transesterification in biodiesel synthesis

DW Lee, YM Park, KY Lee - Catalysis surveys from Asia, 2009 - Springer
The heterogeneous base-catalyzed transesterification for biodiesel synthesis has been
studied intensively over the last decade. This review classifies the solid base catalysts for …

Recent developments in heterogeneous catalysis for the sustainable production of biodiesel

AF Lee, K Wilson - Catalysis Today, 2015 - Elsevier
The quest for energy security and widespread acceptance of the anthropogenic origin of
rising CO 2 emissions and associated climate change from combusting fossil derived carbon …

Lithium ion impregnated calcium oxide as nano catalyst for the biodiesel production from karanja and jatropha oils

M Kaur, A Ali - Renewable Energy, 2011 - Elsevier
Lithium impregnated calcium oxide has been prepared by wet impregnation method in nano
particle form as supported by powder X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy …

Transesterification of vegetable oil to biodiesel over MgO-functionalized mesoporous catalysts

E Li, V Rudolph - Energy & Fuels, 2008 - ACS Publications
This study aims to report the preliminary results of the transesterification of blended
vegetable oil with ethanol to produce biodiesel using different mesoporous silica loaded …

Catalytic upgrading of bio‐oils by esterification

L Ciddor, JA Bennett, JA Hunns… - Journal of Chemical …, 2015 - Wiley Online Library
Biomass is the term given to naturally‐produced organic matter resulting from
photosynthesis, and represents the most abundant organic polymers on Earth …

Catalyst derived from wastes for biofuel production: a critical review and patent landscape analysis

B Devarajan, R Saravanakumar, S Sivalingam… - Applied …, 2022 - Springer
The global scenario turned towards converging their focus on sustainability owing to its
adverse response in the climatic conditions, else unlike other planets earth may go …

Contemporary approaches towards augmentation of distinctive heterogeneous catalyst for sustainable biodiesel production

A Ravi, B Gurunathan, N Rajendiran, S Varjani… - … Technology & Innovation, 2020 - Elsevier
In recent times, demand for energy has significantly increased due to the depletion of fossil
fuels and the fast-industrial revolution. This has created a wide space for the development of …

Optimization of mesoporous K/SBA-15 catalyzed transesterification of palm oil using response surface methodology

AZ Abdullah, N Razali, KT Lee - Fuel Processing Technology, 2009 - Elsevier
K/SBA 15 was investigated for the transesterification of palm oil. The influence of
temperature, reactants' ratio, catalyst loading and reaction time on the biodiesel yield was …

Highly active alumina-supported Cs–Zr mixed oxide catalysts for low-temperature transesterification of waste cooking oil

H Amani, Z Ahmad, BH Hameed - Applied Catalysis A: General, 2014 - Elsevier
An impregnation method was used to develop a reusable and highly active heterogeneous
catalyst (Cs x Zr y/Al 2 O 3) with different Cs/Zr molar ratio (0.3≤ x, y≤ 0.7). The catalyst …

Catalyst design for biorefining

K Wilson, AF Lee - … Transactions of the Royal Society A …, 2016 - royalsocietypublishing.org
The quest for sustainable resources to meet the demands of a rapidly rising global
population while mitigating the risks of rising CO2 emissions and associated climate …