Hosts and their symbionts are involved in intimate physiological and ecological interactions.
The impact of these interactions on the evolution of each partner depends on the time‐scale …

Pediculus humanus is an obligate bloodsucking ectoparasite of human that includes two
ecotypes, head louse and body louse, which differ slightly in morphology and biology, but …

There exists an undeniable chasm between the capacities of humans and those of animals.
Our minds have spawned civilizations and technologies that have changed the face of the …

As an obligatory parasite of humans, the body louse (Pediculus humanus humanus) is an
important vector for human diseases, including epidemic typhus, relapsing fever, and trench …

According to current evidence, Homo sapiens was unable to survive on a diet of raw wild
foods. Because cooked diets have large physiological and behavioral consequences, a …

For most, the mere mention of lice forces an immediate hand to the head and recollection of
childhood experiences with nits, medicated shampoos, and traumatic haircuts. But for a …

The extinction of a single species is rarely an isolated event. Instead, dependent parasites,
commensals, and mutualist partners (affiliates) face the risk of coextinction as their hosts or …

This paper presents a thermal model for the prehistoric origin and development of clothing.
A distinction is drawn between simple and complex forms of clothing, with broad implications …

Specimens and associated data in natural history collections (NHCs) foster substantial
scientific progress. In this paper, we explore recent contributions of NHCs to the study of …

Clothing use is an important modern behavior that contributed to the successful expansion
of humans into higher latitudes and cold climates. Previous research suggests that clothing …