Since the discovery of the phosphorylation of the 40S ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6) about four
decades ago, much effort has been made to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying …

Clinical and experimental studies implicate most neuromodulatory systems in
epileptogenesis. The dopaminergic system has a seizure-modulating effect that crucially …

Microglia, the brain's resident macrophages, help to regulate brain function by removing
dying neurons, pruning non-functional synapses, and producing ligands that support …

Dopamine (DA) plays an essential role in the enablement of cognition. It adds color to
experience-dependent information storage, conferring salience to the memories that result …

Although cannabinoid CB1 receptors (CB1Rs) are densely expressed in neurons
expressing dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs), it is not fully understood to what extent they …

Most everyday memories including many episodic‐like memories that we may form
automatically in the hippocampus (HPC) are forgotten, while some of them are retained for a …

Context-induced retrieval of drug withdrawal memory is one of the important reasons for
drug relapses. Previous studies have shown that different projection neurons in different …

Background Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases characterized by
excessive hyperexcitability of neurons. Molecular mechanisms of epilepsy are diverse and …

A product of the immediate early gene Arc (Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated
protein or Arc protein) of retroviral ancestry resides in the genome of all tetrapods for millions …

Depression is a leading cause of disability. Current pharmacological treatment of
depression is insufficient, and development of improved treatments especially for treatment …