The origins of the elements and isotopes of cosmic material is a critical aspect of
understanding the evolution of the universe. Nucleosynthesis typically requires physical …

Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) was born in the late 1970s, when it was realized at
nuclear physics laboratories that the accelerator systems can be used as a sensitive mass …

Half of the chemical elements heavier than iron are produced by the rapid neutron capture
process (r-process). The sites and yields of this process are disputed, with candidates …

Context. Measurements of long-lived radioisotopes, which have grown rapidly in quantity
and sensitivity over the last few years, provide a means, completely independent of other …

During the course of its evolution, our Sun and its protective magnetic bubble have plowed
through dramatically different interstellar environments throughout the galaxy. The vast …

Context. Peptide-like bond molecules, which can take part in the formation of proteins in a
primitive Earth environment, have been detected only towards a few hot cores and hot …

The cosmic evolution of the chemical elements from the Big Bang to the present time is
driven by nuclear fusion reactions inside stars and stellar explosions. A cycle of matter …

Live (not decayed) radioisotopes on the Earth and Moon are messengers from recent
nearby astrophysical explosions. Measurements of 60Fe in deep-sea samples, Antarctic …

We have reevaluated recent studies of the effects on Earth by cosmic rays (CRs) from
nearby supernovae (SNe) at 100 and 50 pc, in the diffusive transport CR case, here …

The Sun moves through the interstellar medium (ISM) at a velocity of∼ 19 pc Myr− 1, making
the conditions outside the solar system vary with time over millions of years. Today's solar …