Hydrogels are three-dimensional porous polymeric networks prepared by physical or
chemical cross-linking of hydrophilic molecules, which can be made into smart materials …

Biosensors that detect and convert biological reactions to a measurable signal have gained
much attention in recent years. Between 1950 and 2017, more than 150,000 papers have …

We have reviewed the humidity sensors based on ceramic materials. We first discuss the
operating principle of ceramic humidity sensors. This is followed by a section on the …

Hydrogels are hydrophilic, highly water swellable polymer networks capable of converting
chemical energy into mechanical energy and vice versa. They can be tailored regarding …

There are numerous developments taking place in the field of biorobotics, and one such
recent breakthrough is the implementation of soft robots—a pathway to mimic nature's …

This biannual review covers the time period from January 2004 to December 2005 and is
written in continuation of previous reviews (A1-A3). An electronic search in SciFinder and …

Photonic crystals have achieved a lot of research significance due to their projected
applications. Their use as sensors is enabled due to their well-defined physical properties …

A review of the use of fibre-optic sensor technologies for humidity sensing is presented. The
paper first provides a brief overview on the basic concept of what is meant by humidity and …

Soft material hydrogel sensors have seen increased interest recently. Most of these sensors
are used in an aqueous environment. In this study, we depart from this trend and analyze the …

Hydrogel-integrated optical fiber sensors have garnered momentous interest due to their
optical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Integrating active materials with …