Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), microbe-associated molecular patterns
(MAMPs), herbivore-associated molecular patterns (HAMPs), and damage-associated …

Disease control is largely based on the use of fungicides, bactericides, and insecticides—
chemical compounds toxic to plant invaders, causative agents, or vectors of plant diseases …

Plants cannot move to escape environmental challenges. Biotic stresses result from a
battery of potential pathogens: fungi, bacteria, nematodes and insects intercept the …

In Arabidopsis, RPM1 confers resistance against Pseudomonas syringae expressing either
of two sequence unrelated type III effectors, AvrRpm1 or AvrB. An RPM1-interacting protein …

Type III pili deliver effector proteins (virulence factors) from bacterial pathogens to host cells.
Plants express disease resistance (R) proteins that respond specifically to a particular type …

RRS1-R confers broad-spectrum resistance to several strains of the causal agent of
bacterial wilt, Ralstonia solanacearum. Although genetically defined as recessive, this R …

Rice bacterial blight, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is one of the most
serious rice diseases worldwide. A rice gene, Xa26, conferring resistance against Xoo at …

▪ Abstract Host-selective toxins, a group of structurally complex and chemically diverse
metabolites produced by plant pathogenic strains of certain fungal species, function as …

In evolutionary sense no resistance lasts forever. The durability of a resistance can be seen
as a quantitative trait; resistances may range from not durable at all (ephemeral, or transient) …

Plant disease resistance genes (R genes) encode proteins that detect pathogens. R genes
have been used in resistance breeding programs for decades, with varying degrees of …