The nose–brain axis (NBA), a critical component of the body–brain axis, not only serves as a
drug transport route for the treatment of brain diseases but also mediates changes such as …

In addition to typical nasal symptoms, patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) will further lead to
symptoms related to brain function such as hyposmia, anxiety, depression, cognitive …

METHODS Recreational runners (n= 208) were recruited randomly during the 4-d
registration exhibition before competing in the 2010 London Marathon (April 25, 2010) …

Background Allergic rhinitis often gives rise to impaired quality of life and is believed to also
affect cognitive function. We aimed to examine whether cognitive functions were impaired …

Previously we could demonstrate attenuated responsiveness of the hypothalamus–pituitary–
adrenal (HPA) axis to stress in patients with chronic allergic inflammatory disease (ie, atopic …

Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) affects up to 30% of the adult population and symptomatic
patients continue to engage in daily life activities, including car driving. Previous studies …

Allergies and their characteristic TH2-polarized inflammatory reactions affect a substantial
part of the population. Since there is increasing evidence that the immune system modulates …

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic inflammatory disease frequently associated with a deficit in
learning and memory. Working memory is an important system for decision making and …

Background In previous research, patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) showed
poorer school and work performance during periods of acute allergic inflammation …

Rationale Many older adults report sleep problems and use of hypnotics. Several studies
have shown that hypnotics can have acute adverse effects on driving the next morning. It is …