Paleogeography is the study of the changing surface of Earth through time. Driven by plate
tectonics, the configuration of the continents and ocean basins has been in constant flux …

Establishing how tectonic plates have moved since deep time is essential for understanding
how Earth's geodynamic system has evolved and operates, thus answering longstanding …

Recent progress in plate tectonic reconstructions has seen models move beyond the
classical idea of continental drift by attempting to reconstruct the full evolving configuration of …

Supercontinents signify self-organization in plate tectonics. Over the past~ 2 billion years,
three major supercontinents have been identified, with increasing age: Pangaea, Rodinia …

An oxygen-rich atmosphere is essential for complex animals. The early Earth had an anoxic
atmosphere, and understanding the rise and maintenance of high O2 levels is critical for …

Plate tectonics, involving a globally linked system of lateral motion of rigid surface plates, is
a characteristic feature of our planet, but estimates of how long it has been the modus …

Global mean sea level is a key component within the fields of climate and oceanographic
modelling in the Anthropocene. Hence, an improved understanding of eustatic sea level in …

Abstract The Iapetus Ocean opened during the fission of the supercontinent Rodinia, from
the breakup of three of its core continental constituents: Laurentia, Baltica and Amazonia …

Asia is key to a richer understanding of many important lithospheric processes such as
crustal growth, continental evolution and orogenesis. But to properly decipher the secrets …

The sedimentary rock record suggests that global sea levels may have fluctuated by
hundreds of meters throughout Phanerozoic times. Long-term (10–80 Myr) sea level change …