It is well established that greenhouse conditions prevailed during the Cretaceous Period (~
145–66 Ma). Determining the exact nature of the greenhouse-gas forcing, climatic warming …

Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) lipids are membrane lipids which were long
thought to be synthesized mainly by archaea, organisms thought to be limited to extreme …

The latitudinal temperature gradient is a fundamental state parameter of the climate system
tied to the dynamics of heat transport and radiative transfer. Thus, it is a primary target for …

Early Cretaceous life and the environment were strongly influenced by the accelerated
break up of Pangaea, which was associated with the formation of a multitude of rift basins …

Today, biodiversity decreases from equatorial to polar regions. This is a fundamental pattern
governing the distribution of extant organisms, the understanding of which is critical to …

Archaeal membrane lipids are widely used for paleotemperature reconstructions, yet these
molecular fossils also bear rich information about ecology and evolution of marine ammonia …

Abstract The Weissert Event~ 133 million years ago marked a profound global cooling that
punctuated the Early Cretaceous greenhouse. We present modelling, high-resolution bulk …

Earth's atmospheric CO2 concentration (ca) for the Phanerozoic Eon is estimated from
proxies and geochemical carbon cycle models. Most estimates come with large, sometimes …

During the period from approximately 150 to 35 million years ago, the Cretaceous–
Paleocene–Eocene (CPE), the Earth was in a “greenhouse” state with little or no ice at either …

In this paper, we review the TEX 86 palaeothermometer for sea surface temperature (SST)
and evaluate its application to the Palaeogene, with a focus on the principal ecological …