Although long-term memory consolidation is supported by sleep, it is unclear how it differs
from that during wakefulness. Our review, focusing on recent advances in the field, identifies …

The locus coeruleus (LC), or 'blue spot', is a small nucleus located deep in the brainstem
that provides the far-reaching noradrenergic neurotransmitter system of the brain. This …

Sleep has a complex micro-architecture, encompassing micro-arousals, sleep spindles and
transitions between sleep stages. Fragmented sleep impairs memory consolidation …

Cognitive dysfunction (CD) in heart failure (HF) adversely affects treatment compliance and
quality of life. Although ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2) has been linked to cardiac muscle …

The noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) regulates arousal levels during wakefulness, but its
role in sleep remains unclear. Here, we show in mice that fluctuating LC neuronal activity …

Over more than a century of research has established the fact that sleep benefits the
retention of memory. In this review we aim to comprehensively cover the field of “sleep and …

Emotional arousal enhances perception and memory of high-priority information but impairs
processing of other information. Here, we propose that, under arousal, local glutamate levels …

Fear memory is the best-studied form of memory. It was thoroughly investigated in the past
60 years mostly using two classical conditioning procedures (contextual fear conditioning …

Brain activity during sleep is characterized by circuit-specific oscillations, including slow
waves, spindles and theta waves, which are nested in thalamocortical or hippocampal …

Mood, motivation, attention, and arousal are behavioral states having a profound impact on
cognition. Behavioral states are mediated though the peripheral nervous system and …