Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies in humans have shown that many
behaviors engage processes that suppress excitability within the corticospinal tract …

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was initially used to evaluate the integrity of the
corticospinal tract in humans non‐invasively. Since these early studies, the development of …

Behavioural and neurophysiological evidence convincingly establish that the left
hemisphere is dominant for motor skills that are carried out with either hand or those that …

Stroke interferes with voluntary control of motor actions. Although spontaneous recovery of
function can occur, restoration of normal motor function in the hemiplegic upper limb is noted …

Synchronization of neural activity is considered essential for information processing in the
nervous system. Both local and inter-regional synchronization are omnipresent in different …

Identification of optimal treatment strategies to improve recovery is limited by the incomplete
understanding of the neurobiological principles of recovery. Motor cortex (M1) …

The ease with which we perform tasks such as opening the lid of a jar, in which the two
hands execute quite different actions, belies the fact that there is a strong tendency for the …

Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) may enhance motor recovery after neurological injury
through the causal induction of plasticity processes. Neurological injury, such as stroke …

Movements of the paretic hand in patients with chronic subcortical stroke are associated with
high interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) targeting the motor cortex in the lesioned hemisphere …

Top-down control processes are critical to select goal-directed actions in flexible
environments. In humans, these processes include two inhibitory mechanisms that operate …