Protection against microbial infection in eukaryotes is provided by diverse cellular and
molecular mechanisms. Here, we present a comparative view of the antiviral activity of virus …

Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile DNA sequences that colonize genomes and
threaten genome integrity. As a result, several mechanisms appear to have emerged during …

Endogenous viral elements (EVEs) are viral sequences integrated in host genomes. A large
number of non-retroviral EVEs was recently detected in Aedes mosquito genomes, leading …

Highlights•Endogenous viral elements (EVEs) account for a substantial fraction (∼ 10%) of
mammalian genomes.•EVEs represent an abundant source of coding and noncoding …

Sperm contributes diverse RNAs to the zygote. While sperm small RNAs have been shown
to impact offspring phenotypes, our knowledge of the sperm transcriptome, especially the …

The chicken continues to hold its position as a leading model organism within many areas of
research, as well as being a major source of protein for human consumption. The First …

There are strong incentives for human populations to develop antiviral systems. Similarly,
genomes that encode antiviral systems have had strong selective advantages. Protein …

Abstract PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small noncoding RNAs 24–35 nucleotides long,
are essential for animal fertility. They play critical roles in a range of functions, including …

Background Hymenoptera comprise extremely diverse insect species with extensive
variation in their life histories. The Dryinidae, a family of solitary wasps of Hymenoptera …