Fluorescent proteins (FPs) are ubiquitous tools in research, yet their endogenous functions
in nature are poorly understood. In this work, we describe a combination of functions for FPs …

Marine gastropods are characterized by an incredible variation in shell color. In this review,
we aim to introduce researchers to previous studies of shell color polymorphism in this …

When females prefer mates with rare phenotypes, sexual selection can maintain rather than
deplete genetic variation. However, there is no consensus on why this widespread and …

The maintenance of variation within natural populations is key for natural selection to
operate. Polymorphism is an intriguing form of variation that involves the persistence of …

Comparing divergence in quantitative traits and neutral molecular markers, such as Q ST–F
ST comparisons, provides a means to distinguish between natural selection and genetic drift …

Aim Colour polymorphism within ectothermic species and populations is shaped by multiple
selection pressures that can vary geographically. Here, we tested different hypotheses to …

How colour polymorphisms are maintained in natural populations constitutes a key subject
of study for evolutionary ecologists. One of the mechanisms that has been put forward to …

The giant triton snail (Charonia tritonis) is widely distributed in tropical coral reefs in the Indo-
West Pacific. Its distribution areas in China include the Penghu Islands, Hengchun …

Sexual selection plays a crucial role in modern evolutionary theory, offering valuable insight
into evolutionary patterns and species diversity. Recently, a comprehensive definition of …

The presence of shell bands is common in gastropods. Both the marine snails Littorina
fabalis and Lttorina saxatilis are polymorphic for this trait. Such polymorphism would be …