There have been five Mass Extinction events in the history of Earth's biodiversity, all caused
by dramatic but natural phenomena. It has been claimed that the Sixth Mass Extinction may …

Biodiversity, a term now widely employed in science, policy, and wider society, has a
burgeoning associated literature. We synthesize aspects of this literature, focusing on …

Archaeological and paleoecological evidence shows that by 10,000 BCE, all human
societies employed varying degrees of ecologically transformative land use practices …

A remarkable exploration of the science, history, and politics of the Anthropocene, one of the
most important scientific ideas of our time, from two world-renowned experts Meteorites …

The extent of vegetation openness in past European landscapes is widely debated. In
particular, the temperate forest biome has traditionally been defined as dense, closed …

A diverse range of mammals once roamed the planet. This changed quickly and
dramatically with the arrival of humans. Since the rise of humans, wild land mammal …

Hunting is a major driver of biodiversity loss, but a systematic large-scale estimate of hunting-
induced defaunation is lacking. We synthesized 176 studies to quantify hunting-induced …

The exhibition of increasingly intensive and complex niche construction behaviors through
time is a key feature of human evolution, culminating in the advanced capacity for ecosystem …

Large wild herbivores are crucial to ecosystems and human societies. We highlight the 74
largest terrestrial herbivore species on Earth (body mass≥ 100 kg), the threats they face …

Trophic rewilding is an ecological restoration strategy that uses species introductions to
restore top-down trophic interactions and associated trophic cascades to promote self …