The landscape of medical treatments is undergoing a transformative shift. Precision
medicine has ushered in a revolutionary era in healthcare by individualizing diagnostics and …

During cancer progression and treatment, multiple subclonal populations of tumour cells
compete with one another, with selective pressures leading to the emergence of …

Cancer is a disease caused by the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes in two
types of genes: tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) and proto-oncogenes. Extensive research …

Abstract Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) has the highest mortality rate of the genitourinary
cancers and the incidence of RCC has risen steadily. If detected early, RCC is curable by …

It has been known for decades that it is possible to detect small amounts of extracellular
nucleic acids in plasma and serum of healthy and diseased human beings. The unequivocal …

Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has been suggested as a cancer biomarker. Several
studies assessed the usefulness of quantitative and qualitative tumor-specific alterations of …

Growing cancer incidence and mortality worldwide demands development of accurate
biomarkers to perfect detection, diagnosis, prognostication and monitoring. Urologic …

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is characterized by an infrequent number of somatic mutations.
By contrast, epigenetic aberrations are commonly found in RCC, indicating that epigenetic …

The field of cancer epigenetics is evolving rapidly on several fronts. Advances in our
understanding of chromatin structure, histone modification, transcriptional activity and DNA …

In recent years, the list of tumor suppressor genes (or candidate TSG) that are inactivated
frequently by epigenetic events rather than classic mutation/deletion events has been …