Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous skeletal
dysplasia characterized by bone fragility, growth deficiency, and skeletal deformity …

V-ATPases are membrane-embedded protein complexes that function as ATP hydrolysis-
driven proton pumps. V-ATPases are the primary source of organellar acidification in all …

We describe a general method that allows structure determination of small proteins by single-
particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). The method is based on the availability of a …

Living organisms depend on timely and organized interactions between proteins linked in
interactomes of high complexity. The recent increased precision by which protein …

Endomembrane trafficking is essential for all eukaryotic cells. The best-characterized
membrane trafficking organelles include the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus …

With conformation-specific nanobodies being used for a wide range of structural,
biochemical, and cell biological applications, there is a demand for antigen-binding …

Here, we provide a protocol to generate synthetic nanobodies, known as sybodies, against
any purified protein or protein complex within a 3-week period. Unlike methods that require …

COPI‐coated vesicles mediate transport between Golgi stacks and retrograde transport from
the Golgi to the endoplasmic reticulum. The COPI coat exists as a stable heptameric …

Secreted proteins, such as hormones or cytokines, are key mediators in multicellular
organisms. Response of protein secretion based on transcriptional control is rather slow, as …

Exocytic and endocytic compartments each have their own unique luminal ion and pH
environment that is important for their normal functioning. A failure to maintain this …