Immune checkpoint blockade is able to induce durable responses across multiple types of
cancer, which has enabled the oncology community to begin to envision potentially curative …

Cancer immunotherapy can induce long lasting responses in patients with metastatic
cancers of a wide range of histologies. Broadening the clinical applicability of these …

The transformative success of antibodies targeting the PD-1 (programmed death 1)/B7-H1
(B7 homolog 1) pathway (anti-PD therapy) has revolutionized cancer treatment. However …

Cells constantly adapt their metabolism to meet their energy needs and respond to nutrient
availability. Eukaryotes have evolved a very sophisticated system to sense low cellular ATP …

Mitochondria are organelles that are able to adjust and respond to different stressors and
metabolic needs within a cell, showcasing their plasticity and dynamic nature. These …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well known for their role in mediating both physiological
and pathophysiological signal transduction. Enzymes and subcellular compartments that …

COVID-19 can result in severe lung injury. It remained to be determined why diabetic
individuals with uncontrolled glucose levels are more prone to develop the severe form of …

Glutamine is the most abundant and versatile amino acid in the body. In health and disease,
the rate of glutamine consumption by immune cells is similar or greater than glucose. For …

Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells play a key role in the elimination of intracellular infections and
malignant cells and can provide long-term protective immunity. In the response to infection …

Glycolysis has long been considered as the major metabolic process for energy production
and anabolic growth in cancer cells. Although such a view has been instrumental for the …