This survey article describes previous research addressing text‐based document
geocoding, ie the task of predicting the geospatial coordinates of latitude and longitude, that …

The present paper provides a review of two research topics that are central to geospatial
semantics: information modeling and elicitation. The first topic deals with the development of …

Recent research shows synthetic data as a source of supervision helps pretrained language
models (PLM) transfer learning to new target tasks/domains. However, this idea is less …

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive performance in language
comprehension and various reasoning tasks. However, their abilities in spatial reasoning, a …

Spatial relation extraction (eg, topological relations, directional relations, and distance
relations) from natural language descriptions is a fundamental but challenging task in …

Underground utility incidents, such as utility conflicts and utility strikes, result in time and cost
overruns in construction projects, property damages, environmental pollution, personnel …

Human languages exhibit a variety of strategies for communicating spatial information,
including toponyms, spatial nominals, locations that are described in relation to other …

In embodied cognition, physical experiences are believed to shape abstract cognition, such
as natural language and reasoning. Image schemas were introduced as spatio-temporal …

References to geographic locations are common in text data sources including social media
and web pages. They take different forms from simple place names to relative expressions …

Geographic text analysis (GTA) research in the digital humanities has focused on projects
analyzing modern English-language corpora. These projects depend on temporally specific …