Abstract Purpose of Review This review focuses on the concentration of cortisol in human
hair as a biomarker of chronic stress in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We outline the …

Stress is now recognized as a universal premorbid factor associated with many risk factors
of various chronic diseases. Acute stress may induce an individual's adaptive response to …

Cortisol measurements in blood, saliva and urine are frequently used to examine the
hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis in clinical practice and in research. However …

Hormone ratios have become increasingly popular throughout the neuroendocrine literature
since they offer a straightforward way to simultaneously analyze the effects of two …

The striking link of Cushing's syndrome with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and
cardiovascular disease (CVD) suggests that long‐term exposure to extremely high cortisol …

Temporal examinations of the biological signature of stress or trauma in war-affected
populations are seldom undertaken. Moreover, few studies have examined whether stress …

Objectives Human scalp hair is an easily available but complex matrix for determination of
cortisone and cortisol, and has been shown to reflect long-term glucocorticoid exposure …

Heart failure (HF) is a burgeoning chronic health condition affecting more than 20 million
people worldwide. Patients with HF have a significant (17.1%) 30-day readmission rate …

Background There is renewed interest in pursuing frugal and readily available laboratory
markers to predict mortality and readmission in heart failure. We aim to determine the …

Hair cortisol is regarded as a promising marker of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
(HPAA) activity alterations due to stress, somatic and mental health conditions. Hair cortisol …