Carbonatites are formed from volatile-rich melts, commonly associated with a characteristic
hydrothermal footprint. However, studies of their fluid inclusions are relatively scarce and …

Carbonatites and related rocks are the premier source for light rare earth element (LREE)
deposits. Here, we outline an ore formation model for LREE-mineralised carbonatites …

Carbonatites and associated rocks are the main source of rare earth elements (REEs),
metals essential to modern technologies. REE mineralization occurs in hydrothermal …

Abstract Development of renewable energy infrastructure requires critical raw materials,
such as the rare earth elements (REEs, including scandium) and niobium, and is driving …

We present detailed textural and chemical analyses of the hydrothermal sulfide-and REE-Th-
Nb-mineralization observed in the Fen complex (southern Norway), which is the biggest …

Carbonatite intrusions host the world's most important light rare earth element (LREE)
deposits, and their formation generally requires extraordinary fertile sources, magmatic …

Silicocarbonatites are carbonatite rocks containing> 20% silicate minerals. Their formation is
not well understood due to low silica solubility in carbonatite melts and negligible amounts …

Nolans Bore is a rare earth element (REE) ore deposit in the Reynolds Range, Aileron
Province, Northern Territory, Australia. It consists primarily of fluorapatite and alteration …

Britholites are the lanthanide–silica-rich end-members of the apatite group, commonly
studied for their optical properties. Here, we show∼ 50–100 μm single crystals synthesized …

Studies of fluid inclusions in carbonatitic rocks are essential for understanding
physicochemical processes involved in carbonatite-related hydrothermal ore mineralization …