Context The myth of generalisable thinking skills in medical education is gaining popularity
once again. The implications are significant as medical educators decide on how best to use …

Bias is the evaluation of something or someone that can be positive or negative, and implicit
or unconscious bias is when the person is unaware of their evaluation. This is particularly …

Research has shown that expert clinicians make a medical diagnosis through a process of
hypothesis generation and verification. Experts begin the diagnostic process by generating …

Contemporary theories of clinical reasoning espouse a dual processing model, which
consists of a rapid, intuitive component (Type 1) and a slower, logical and analytical …

This chapter explores research in medical expertise to examine how it may inform the
understanding of the role of deliberate practice in expertise, and talks about new medical …

When people have the chance to help others at a cost to themselves, are cooperative
decisions driven by intuition or reflection? To answer this question, recent studies have …

Purpose Diagnostic errors are thought to arise from cognitive biases associated with System
1 reasoning, which is rapid and unconscious. The primary hypothesis of this study was that …

Understanding Decision Making in Critical Care Clinical Medicine & Research Skip to main
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Recently, clinical diagnostic reasoning has been characterized by “dual processing” models,
which postulate a fast, unconscious (System 1) component and a slow, logical, analytical …

Two reports in this issue address the important topic of clinical decision making. Dual
process theory has emerged as the dominant model for understanding the complex …