Vascular contributions to Alzheimer's disease

LB Eisenmenger, A Peret, BM Famakin, A Spahic… - Translational …, 2023 - Elsevier
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and is characterized by
progressive neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Understanding the pathophysiology …

Astrocyte reactivity and reactive astrogliosis: costs and benefits

M Pekny, M Pekna - Physiological reviews, 2014 - journals.physiology.org
Astrocytes are the most abundant cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that provide
nutrients, recycle neurotransmitters, as well as fulfill a wide range of other homeostasis …

Astrocytes, therapeutic targets for neuroprotection and neurorestoration in ischemic stroke

Z Liu, M Chopp - Progress in neurobiology, 2016 - Elsevier
Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type within the central nervous system. They play
essential roles in maintaining normal brain function, as they are a critical structural and …

Cerebral blood flow and autoregulation: current measurement techniques and prospects for noninvasive optical methods

S Fantini, A Sassaroli, KT Tgavalekos… - …, 2016 - spiedigitallibrary.org
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral autoregulation (CA) are critically important to
maintain proper brain perfusion and supply the brain with the necessary oxygen and energy …

The contribution of neuroinflammation to amyloid toxicity in Alzheimer's disease

MR Minter, JM Taylor, PJ Crack - Journal of neurochemistry, 2016 - Wiley Online Library
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease and the most
common cause of dementia. Deposition of amyloid‐β (Aβ) remains a hallmark feature of the …

The glia/neuron ratio: how it varies uniformly across brain structures and species and what that means for brain physiology and evolution

S Herculano‐Houzel - Glia, 2014 - Wiley Online Library
It is a widespread notion that the proportion of glial to neuronal cells in the brain increases
with brain size, to the point that glial cells represent “about 90% of all cells in the human …

Brain arteriolosclerosis

BL Blevins, HV Vinters, S Love, DM Wilcock… - Acta …, 2021 - Springer
Abstract Brain arteriolosclerosis (B-ASC), characterized by pathologic arteriolar wall
thickening, is a common finding at autopsy in aged persons and is associated with cognitive …

The contribution of astrocytes to the neuroinflammatory response in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

R Brambilla - Acta neuropathologica, 2019 - Springer
Neuroinflammation is the coordinated response of the central nervous system (CNS) to
threats to its integrity posed by a variety of conditions, including autoimmunity, pathogens …

Astrocytes: biology and pathology

MV Sofroniew, HV Vinters - Acta neuropathologica, 2010 - Springer
Astrocytes are specialized glial cells that outnumber neurons by over fivefold. They
contiguously tile the entire central nervous system (CNS) and exert many essential complex …

Toll‐like receptor 4 is required for α‐synuclein dependent activation of microglia and astroglia

L Fellner, R Irschick, K Schanda, M Reindl… - Glia, 2013 - Wiley Online Library
Alpha‐synucleinopathies (ASP) are neurodegenerative disorders, characterized by
accumulation of misfolded α‐synuclein, selective neuronal loss, and extensive gliosis. It is …