BACKGROUND Intermittent fasting, such as during Ramadan, is prevalent among pregnant
women. However, the association between Ramadan during pregnancy and offspring health …

There is a large body of research on Ramadan intermittent fasting (RIF) and health in
Muslim communities, that can offer insights to promote the achievement of Sustainable …

Neonatal abstinence syndrome refers to the signs and symptoms attributed to the cessation
of prenatal exposure (via placental transfer) to various substances. This Primer focuses on …

Education and risky health behaviors are strongly negatively correlated. Education may
affect health behaviors by enabling healthier choices through higher disposable income …

Little is known about fasting practices and dietary changes during Ramadan in low‐and
lower‐middle‐income countries. Although pregnant women are exempt from fasting, they …

This paper studies the long-run mortality effects of in utero and early-life economic
conditions. We examine how local economic conditions experienced during the Great …

Health outcomes of in utero Ramadan exposure have been reported in a systematic
literature review; however, the available literature on long-term effects were not fully …

Even though formal education is considered a key determinant of individual well-being
globally, enrollment in secondary schooling remains low in many low-and middle-income …

Despite established links between prenatal nutritional deprivation and impaired offspring
growth, the underlying dynamics and potential moderators remain largely unexplored. This …

Many pregnant Muslim women fast during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan. A number of
studies have reported negative life outcomes in adulthood for children who were prenatally …