Long perceived as a primitive and poorly differentiated brain structure, the primate insular
cortex recently emerged as a highly evolved, organized and richly connected cortical hub …

The von Economo neurons (VENs) are large bipolar neurons located in the frontoinsular
cortex (FI) and limbic anterior (LA) area in great apes and humans but not in other primates …

Understanding human-specific patterns of brain gene expression and regulation can
provide key insights into human brain evolution and speciation. Here, we use next …

The anterior insular cortex (AIC) and its unique spindle-shaped von Economo neuron (VEN)
emerged within the last decade as having a potentially major role in self-awareness and …

Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) belongs to the ATF/cyclic AMP responsive element
binding family of transcription factors and is often described as an adaptive response gene …

The insula, a “cortical hub” buried within the lateral sulcus, is involved in a number of
processes including goal-directed cognition, conscious awareness, autonomic regulation …

Abstract The 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA) neurotoxic lesion of the midbrain dopamine
(DA) system is one of the most widely used techniques for modelling Parkinson's disease in …

Abstract von Economo neurons (VENs) are bipolar, spindle-shaped neurons restricted to
layer 5 of human frontoinsula and anterior cingulate cortex that appear to be selectively …

This article presents an integrative model of effortful control, a resource-limited top-down
control mechanism involved in mental tasks and physical exercises. Based on recent …

Von Economo neurons (VENs) are projection neurons located in layer V of the anterior
cingulate and frontoinsular cortex that are increasingly attracting the interest of the scientific …