Several substations in operation were commissioned decades ago. These substations are
overstressed, then their protection equipment cannot provide an effective safety condition to …

The future smart power grid where Distributed Generations (DGs) are highly integrated and
self-healing is required is intended to provide reliable and quality power in economic and …

Several studies, such as adaptive protection schemes, have been done in the area of smart
grids' protection. However, there is a research gap in develo** an adaptive scheme with …

To cope with the increasing energy demand, power systems, especially distribution
networks, face many challenges. Recently, these networks have become complex and large …

Several solutions, such as fault current limiters (FCLs), have been utilized to mitigate the
challenges of smart grids and ADNs' protection schemes. However, less attention has been …

The optimized protection system is critical in the design of microgrids (MGs) and smart grids
(SGs). Different studies have tried to respond to MGs protection challenges, such as the …

Despite providing increased reliability and power quality in meeting the load demand, the
integration of DGs has imposed challenges on the protection system. High penetration of …

This paper presents the placement and sizing of the hybrid superconducting fault current
limiters (SFCLs) to restore the protection coordination of the distribution system with the …

The relative protective devices are cascaded in a proper sequence with a proper min/max
coordination time margin (CTM) to minimize the outage area of the network in case of fault …

This paper presents an adaptive protection scheme (APS) for solving the coordination
problem that deals with coordination directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) and distance …