Secondary batteries are a core technology for clean energy storage and conversion
systems, to reduce environmental pollution and alleviate the energy crisis. Oxide cathodes …

Soft X‐ray spectroscopy (SXS) techniques such as photoelectron spectroscopy, soft X‐ray
absorption spectroscopy and X‐ray emission spectroscopy are efficient and direct tools to …

This study refutes the commonly used ionic-bonding model that demarcates transition metal
(TM) and oxygen redox using an archetypal Ni-rich layered oxide cathode, LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 …

High-valent redox, where over-oxidation of oxygen or transition metals (TMs) drives
extensive charge sharing through the formation of short covalent bonds, has historically …

Recent debates on the oxygen redox behaviors in battery electrodes have triggered a
pressing demand for the reliable detection and understanding of nondivalent oxygen states …

We demonstrate strong stimulated inelastic x-ray scattering by resonantly exciting a dense
gas target of neon with femtosecond, high-intensity x-ray pulses from an x-ray free-electron …