▪ Abstract Stellar clusters are born embedded within giant molecular clouds (GMCs) and
during their formation and early evolution are often only visible at infrared wavelengths …

Star clusters stand at the intersection of much of modern astrophysics: the ISM, gravitational
dynamics, stellar evolution, and cosmology. Here, we review observations and theoretical …

ABSTRACT JWST observations indicate a surprising excess of luminous galaxies at z∼ 10
and above, consistent with efficient conversion of the accreted gas into stars, unlike the …

We review current understanding of star formation, outlining an overall theoretical framework
and the observations that motivate it. A conception of star formation has emerged in which …

Understanding the formation of stars in galaxies is central to much of modern astrophysics.
However, a quantitative prediction of the star formation rate and the initial distribution of …

A thermal light-emitting source, such as a black body or the incandescent filament of a light
bulb, is often presented as a typical example of an incoherent source and is in marked …

We analyse the first giant molecular cloud (GMC) simulation to follow the formation of
individual stars and their feedback from jets, radiation, winds, and supernovae, using the …

The role of turbulence and magnetic fields is studied for star formation in molecular clouds.
We derive and compare six theoretical models for the star formation rate (SFR)—the …

Observations indicate that massive stars in the Galaxy form in regions of very high surface
density, Σ∼ 1 g cm-2. Clusters containing massive stars and globular clusters have a …

We derive an analytic prediction for the star formation rate in environments ranging from
normal galactic disks to starbursts and ULIRGs in terms of the observables of those systems …