The open government paradigm implies that public processes are becoming more
transparent, public information is available online, and citizens and nongovernmental …

The economic crisis that started in 2008 has negatively affected European nations to
different degrees. The sudden rise in demonstrations particularly in those countries most …

How do economic grievances affect citizens' inclination to protest? Given rising levels of
inequality and widespread economic hardship in the aftermath of the Great Recession, this …

Measures to cope with the COVID‐19 pandemic have put a sudden halt to street protests
and other forms of citizen involvement in Europe. At the same time, the pandemic has …

Theories about the decline of legitimacy or a legitimacy crisis are as old as democracy itself.
Yet, representative democracy still exists, and the empirical evidence for a secular decline of …

Much of the critical discussion of the European political economy and the Eurozone crisis
has focused upon a sense that solidaristic achievements built up during the post-war period …

This paper analyses the socio-demographic attributes and political attitudes of protesters in
Germany. In doing so, the paper studies participation at demonstrations, one of the key …

Protests against coronavirus policies have occurred in all European countries. The intensity
of protest varies strongly, however. We explain this variation by strategic choices that protest …

Using an original protest event dataset covering 30 European countries and the period 2000–
2021, this paper studies the nature and drivers of protest mobilisation across three major …

In this paper we analyse whether relative deprivation has divergent effects on different types
of social and political action. We expect that it will depress volunteering with parties as well …