Background: Fourteen clinical trials have not shown a consistent benefit of combination
therapy with levothyroxine (LT4) and liothyronine (LT3). Despite the publication of these …

Thyroid hormone (TH) molecules enter cells via membrane transporters and, depending on
the cell type, can be activated (ie, T4 to T3 conversion) or inactivated (ie, T3 to 3, 3′-diiodo-l …

The rubber antioxidant 6PPD has gained significant attention due to its highly toxic
transformation product, 6PPD-quinone (6PPDQ). Despite their detection in urines of …

Background: Thyroid hormones (THs) exert a strong influence on mammalian lipid
metabolism at the systemic and hepatic levels by virtue of their roles in regulating circulating …

Plant Protection Products, more commonly referred to as pesticides and biocides, are used
to control a wide range of yield-reducing pests including insects, fungi, nematodes, and …

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and thyroid dysfunction are common in clinical practice. The
objectives of this review are to discuss some proposed mechanisms by which thyroid …

Thyroid hormones have long been known to have a range of effects on the cardiovascular
system. However, significant knowledge gaps exist concerning the precise molecular and …

Thyroid hormone (TH) plays a critical role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis throughout
life. It is well known that the liver and thyroid are intimately linked, with TH playing important …

Introduction Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic
liver disease worldwide and closely interconnected to the metabolic syndrome. Liver …

Objective Progressive hepatic fibrosis can be considered the final stage of chronic liver
disease. Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) play a central role in liver fibrogenesis. Thyroid …