Virtual reality simulators provide basic skills training without supervision in a controlled
environment, free of pressure of operating on patients. Skills obtained through virtual reality …

Purpose We reviewed the literature regarding the specific methods and strategies for
implementing simulation-based training into the modern surgical residency curriculum …

BACKGROUND: The NSQIP database enables measurement of postoperative outcomes
across a spectrum of practice settings. This allows for observations about potential effects of …

Objective: To develop and validate an ex vivo comprehensive curriculum for a basic
laparoscopic procedure. Background: Although simulators have been well validated as tools …

Background Laparoscopic skills training has evolved over recent years. However, conveying
a mentor's directions using conventional methods, without realistic on-screen visual cues …

Importance Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has created a shift in how many surgical
diseases are treated. Examining the effect on resident operative experience provides …

Background The unique skill set required for minimally invasive surgery has in part
contributed to a certain portion of surgical residency training transitioning from the operating …

Background Ex vivo simulation-based technical skills training has been shown to improve
operating room performance and shorten learning curves for basic laparoscopic procedures …

Background Most of the commercially available virtual reality-based laparoscopic simulators
do not effectively evaluate combined psychomotor and force-based laparoscopic skills …

Background: Due to proximity to critical structures, the need for spatial awareness during
endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is essential. We have developed an augmented, real‐time …