This study provides estimates of the size and development of the shadow economy in the
EU up to 2022 and analyses the main factors that drive economic agents to enter the …

This study is the first to calculate the size and development of the informal/shadow
economies in the agricultural sector for 15 “old” EU countries over 1996–2019. The multiple …

This research aims to explore the impact of fraud on society, in general, and in the European
Union, in particular. Methodologically, this research is divided into two analyses. Firstly, a …

El artículo tiene como objetivo estimar el tamaño de la Economía Sumergida en Ecuador. La
metodología es cuantitativa–causal, donde se utiliza el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales …

Informal employment became a serious challenge for the Ukrainian economy and economy
of transition countries during the adjustment to market conditions. Trends of the number of …

This paper estimates the magnitude of, and changes to the subterranean economy in
Tanzania, as well as its adverse effect on tax revenue during the 1966-2015 period. To …

The growing expansion of the underground economic activities has become a serious
concern to many countries as it is viewed as a challenge to the economies in the world …

The article analyses labour market flexibility in the context of the shadow economy. The
main research problem is devoted to the flexibility of the construction labour market in …

The Crisis: Its Management and Impact on Equity and Democracy in Portugal and Possible
Consequences for the EU Page 162 161© The Author (s) 2021 B. De Souza Guilherme et al.(eds.) …

Alot of research around the informal sector examines it from the employment perspective,
with a key problem being the di culty in estimating the true size of the informal sector. Other …