Respiration is a brain function on which our lives essentially depend. Control of respiration
ensures that the frequency and depth of breathing adapt continuously to metabolic needs. In …

The human cerebellum has a protracted developmental timeline compared with the
neocortex, expanding the window of vulnerability to neurological disorders. As the …

Making inferences about the computations performed by neuronal circuits from synapse-
level connectivity maps is an emerging opportunity in neuroscience. The mushroom body …

The human brain contains approximately 60 billion cerebellar granule cells, which
outnumber all other brain neurons combined. Classical theories posit that a large, diverse …

Cerebellar research has focused principally on adult motor function. However, the
cerebellum also maintains abundant connections with nonmotor brain regions throughout …

The cerebellar cortex is an important system for relating neural circuits and learning. Its
promise reflects the longstanding idea that it contains simple, repeated circuit modules with …

Synaptic connectivity varies widely across neuronal types. Cerebellar granule cells receive
five orders of magnitude fewer inputs than the Purkinje cells they innervate, and cerebellum …

When animals interact with complex environments, their neural circuits must separate
overlap** patterns of activity that represent sensory and motor information. Pattern …

The cerebellum has long been proposed to play a role in cognitive function, although this
has remained controversial. This idea has received renewed support with the recent …

Supervised learning plays a key role in the operation of many biological and artificial neural
networks. Analysis of the computations underlying supervised learning is facilitated by the …