Metal ions are essential to many chemical, biological, and environmental processes. In the
past two decades, many DNA-based metal sensors have emerged. While the main …

We describe the RNA folding problem and contrast it with the much more difficult protein
folding problem. RNA has four similar monomer units, whereas proteins have 20 very …

Single-particle cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has become a standard technique
for determining protein structures at atomic resolution,–. However, cryo-EM studies of protein …

We describe two structures of the intact bacterial ribosome from Escherichia coli determined
to a resolution of 3.5 angstroms by x-ray crystallography. These structures provide a detailed …

Ions surround nucleic acids in what is referred to as an ion atmosphere. As a result, the
folding and dynamics of RNA and DNA and their complexes with proteins and with each …

RNA molecules adopt specific three-dimensional structures critical to their function. Many
essential metabolic processes, including protein synthesis and RNA splicing, are carried out …

Here we use mechanical force to induce the unfolding and refolding of single RNA
molecules: a simple RNA hairpin, a molecule containing a three-helix junction, and the …

NMR spectroscopy is a powerful tool for studying proteins and nucleic acids in solution. This
is illustrated by the fact that nearly half of all current RNA structures were determined by …

Specific tertiary structural motifs determine the complete architecture of RNA molecules (see
picture for examples). Within the last few years a number of high‐resolution crystal structures …

▪ Abstract The past few years have seen exciting advances in understanding the structure
and function of catalytic RNA. Crystal structures of several ribozymes have provided detailed …