[HTML][HTML] Beneficial effects of betaine: a comprehensive review

MK Arumugam, MC Paal, TM Donohue, M Ganesan… - Biology, 2021‏ - mdpi.com
Medicinal herbs and many food ingredients possess favorable biological properties that
contribute to their therapeutic activities. One such natural product is betaine, a stable …

ISG15 in antiviral immunity and beyond

YC Perng, DJ Lenschow - Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2018‏ - nature.com
The host response to viral infection includes the induction of type I interferons and the
subsequent upregulation of hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes. Ubiquitin-like protein …

[HTML][HTML] ISG15: it's complicated

JV Dzimianski, FEM Scholte, É Bergeron… - Journal of molecular …, 2019‏ - Elsevier
Interferon-stimulated gene product 15 (ISG15) is a key component of host responses to
microbial infection. Despite having been known for four decades, gras** the functions and …

ISG15: its roles in SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections

L Sarkar, GQ Liu, MU Gack - Trends in Microbiology, 2023‏ - cell.com
Abstract Interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), a ubiquitin-like pleiotropic protein and
one of the most abundant ISGs, has been studied extensively; however, its roles in SARS …

The diverse repertoire of ISG15: More intricate than initially thought

JA Kang, YJ Kim, YJ Jeon - Experimental & Molecular Medicine, 2022‏ - nature.com
ISG15, the product of interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene 15, is the first identified ubiquitin-like
protein (UBL), which plays multifaceted roles not only as a free intracellular or extracellular …

[HTML][HTML] Regulation of STING activity in DNA sensing by ISG15 modification

C Lin, EO Kuffour, NV Fuchs, CGW Gertzen, J Kaiser… - Cell Reports, 2023‏ - cell.com
Sensing of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) DNA is mediated by the cyclic
GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) signaling axis. Signal …

Viral pathogen-induced mechanisms to antagonize mammalian interferon (IFN) signaling pathway

JM Rojas, A Alejo, V Martín, N Sevilla - Cellular and Molecular Life …, 2021‏ - Springer
Antiviral responses of interferons (IFNs) are crucial in the host immune response, playing a
relevant role in controlling viralw infections. Three types of IFNs, type I (IFN-α, IFN-β), II (IFN …

RNase L amplifies interferon signaling by inducing protein kinase R-mediated antiviral stress granules

P Manivannan, MA Siddiqui, K Malathi - Journal of virology, 2020‏ - journals.asm.org
Virus infection leads to activation of the interferon (IFN)-induced endoribonuclease RNase L,
which results in degradation of viral and cellular RNAs. Both cellular and viral RNA cleavage …

[HTML][HTML] Emerging roles of USP18: From biology to pathophysiology

JA Kang, YJ Jeon - International journal of molecular sciences, 2020‏ - mdpi.com
Eukaryotic proteomes are enormously sophisticated through versatile post-translational
modifications (PTMs) of proteins. A large variety of code generated via PTMs of proteins by …

ISGylation in innate antiviral immunity and pathogen defense responses: a review

M Zhang, J Li, H Yan, J Huang, F Wang… - Frontiers in cell and …, 2021‏ - frontiersin.org
The interferon-stimulating gene 15 (ISG15) protein is a ubiquitin-like protein induced by
interferons or pathogens. ISG15 can exist in free form or covalently bind to the target protein …