The inherent capability and increased efficiency of microalgae to convert sunlight into solar
chemical energy are further enhanced by the higher amount of oils stored in microalgae …

Extensive and improper utilization of water from industrial, municipal, and agricultural
activities generate 380 trillion L/y of wastewater worldwide. Wastewaters from different …

Purpose Cultivated meat (CM) is attracting increased attention as an environmentally
sustainable and animal-friendly alternative to conventional meat. As the technology matures …

Fourth generation biofuel (FGB) uses genetically modified (GM) algae to enhance biofuel
production. Although GM algae biofuel is a well-known alternative to fossil fuels, the …

Biomass fast pyrolysis is potentially one of the cheapest routes toward renewable liquid
fuels. Its commercialization, however, poses a multi-scale challenge, which starts with the …

The global demand for protein ingredients is continuously increasing owing to the growing
population, rising incomes, increased urbanization, and aging population. Conventionally …

Exponential growth in industrialization can be seen as a direct outcome of the urbanization
which results in the continuous depletion of natural energy reserves. The existence of …

Fossil fuel continued overuse and carbon emissions issues have prompted increased
research efforts on sustainable and renewable energy sources as alternative to fossil fuels …

Production of biogas from microalgae has been receiving significant attention since 1950s,
as microalgae are capable of rapidly growing in the non-arable land area and accumulating …

We have had high expectations for using algae biodiesel for many years, but the quantities
of biodiesel currently produced from algae are tiny compared to the quantities of …