Parameterization and explicit modeling of cloud microphysics: Approaches, challenges, and future directions

Y Liu, MK Yau, S Shima, C Lu, S Chen - Advances in Atmospheric …, 2023 - Springer
Cloud microphysical processes occur at the smallest end of scales among cloud-related
processes and thus must be parameterized not only in large-scale global circulation models …

Observational study of relationships between entrainment rate, homogeneity of mixing, and cloud droplet relative dispersion

C Lu, L Zhu, Y Liu, F Mei, JD Fast, MS Pekour… - Atmospheric …, 2023 - Elsevier
The entrainment–mixing process is key to the cloud's dynamical and microphysical
processes. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has quantitatively linked …

[HTML][HTML] Empirical values and assumptions in the convection schemes of numerical models

A Villalba-Pradas, FJ Tapiador - Geoscientific Model …, 2022 - gmd.copernicus.org
Convection influences climate and weather events over a wide range of spatial and
temporal scales. Therefore, accurate predictions of the time and location of convection and …

Holographic measurements of inhomogeneous cloud mixing at the centimeter scale

MA Beals, JP Fugal, RA Shaw, J Lu, SM Spuler… - Science, 2015 - science.org
Optical properties and precipitation efficiency of atmospheric clouds are largely determined
by turbulent mixing with their environment. When cloud liquid water is reduced upon mixing …

Aerosol and cloud experiments in the Eastern North Atlantic (ACE-ENA)

J Wang, R Wood, MP Jensen, JC Chiu… - Bulletin of the …, 2022 - journals.ametsoc.org
With their extensive coverage, marine low clouds greatly impact global climate. Presently,
marine low clouds are poorly represented in global climate models, and the response of …

Lagrangian mixing dynamics at the cloudy–clear air interface

B Kumar, J Schumacher… - Journal of the Atmospheric …, 2014 - journals.ametsoc.org
The entrainment of clear air and its subsequent mixing with a filament of cloudy air, as
occurs at the edge of a cloud, is studied in three-dimensional direct numerical simulations …

Life cycle evolution of mixing in shallow cumulus clouds

JS Lim, F Hoffmann - Journal of Geophysical Research …, 2024 - Wiley Online Library
Understanding how entrainment and mixing shape the cloud droplet size distribution (DSD)
is crucial for understanding the optical properties and precipitation efficiency of clouds …

Using machine learning to predict cloud turbulent entrainment‐mixing processes

S Gao, C Lu, J Zhu, Y Li, Y Liu, B Zhao… - Journal of Advances …, 2024 - Wiley Online Library
Different turbulent entrainment‐mixing mechanisms between clouds and environment are
essential to cloud‐related processes; however, accurate representation of entrainment …

Influences of an entrainment–mixing parameterization on numerical simulations of cumulus and stratocumulus clouds

X Xu, C Lu, Y Liu, S Luo, X Zhou, S Endo… - Atmospheric …, 2022 - acp.copernicus.org
Different entrainment–mixing processes can occur in clouds; however, a homogeneous
mixing mechanism is often implicitly assumed in most commonly used microphysics …

Empirical relationship between entrainment rate and microphysics in cumulus clouds

C Lu, S Niu, Y Liu… - Geophysical Research …, 2013 - Wiley Online Library
The relationships between fractional entrainment rate and key microphysical quantities (eg,
liquid water content, droplet number concentration, volume mean radius, and standard …