Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a highly prevalent disease worldwide, estimated to affect 1 in
every 11 adults; among them, 90–95% of cases are type 2 diabetes mellitus. This is partly …

Early life stressors display a high universal prevalence and constitute a major public health
problem. Prolonged psychoneurobiological alterations as sequelae of early life stress (ELS) …

Obesity is a global epidemic, affecting roughly 30% of the world's population and predicted
to rise. This disease results from genetic, behavioral, societal, and environmental factors …

Obesity is a major health crisis affecting over a third of the global population. This
multifactorial disease is regulated via interoceptive neural circuits in the brain, whose …

Like the obesity epidemic, our understanding of adipocytes and adipose tissue is
expanding. Just in the past decade, substantial advances have led to new insights into the …

Obesity increases the risk for metabolic, cardiovascular, chronic inflammatory, and several
malignant diseases and, therefore, may contribute to shortened lifespan. Adipokines are …

A healthy nutritional state is required for all aspects of reproduction and is signaled by the
adipokine leptin. Leptin acts in a relatively narrow concentration range: too much or too little …

Research on lean, energy-deficient athletic and military cohorts has broadened the concept
of the Female Athlete Triad into the Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) syndrome …

Leptin is secreted by adipose tissue and regulates energy homeostasis, neuroendocrine
function, metabolism, immune function and other systems through its effects on the central …

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and thyroid dysfunction are common in clinical practice. The
objectives of this review are to discuss some proposed mechanisms by which thyroid …